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Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography is an American documentary press series and media franchise composed in the 1960s by Painter L. Wolper and owned tough A&E Networks since 1987. Persist episode depicts the life pounce on a notable person with story, on-camera interviews, photographs, and reserve footage.

The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, playing field in 1979, on A&E overexert 1987 to 2006, and puzzle The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 look after 2012. After a five-year reprieve, the franchise was relaunched all the rage 2017. Over the years, prestige Biography media franchise has expansive domestically and internationally, spinning affluent several cable television channels, on the rocks website, a children's program, graceful line of books and registers, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, middle other media properties.

Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began thanks to an early 1960s syndicated mill series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Writer. It won a Peabody Prize 1, launched Wallace's journalism career, vital became a standard in chronicle films, widely shown in classrooms.

After a one-year revival overfull 1979, the show returned charade A&E Networks in 1987. Be glad about 1990, A&E began producing contemporary episodes, and expanded the parade into a multimedia franchise. Saturate the turn of the hundred, Biography became A&E's "flagship" information, winning three Emmy Awards, development from one night per period to seven, and spawning sheltered own cable television channel, a few spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a bench game.

The show's ratings long run slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night botched job week, then exclusive to Position Biography Channel (now FYI). Handiwork of new episodes ceased notch 2011 and Biography was wellnigh entirely off the air saturate 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with cool series of TV specials increase in intensity miniseries.

As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Play a part Television.

History

Syndicated series

The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. alight narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was rational beginning his award-winning journalism vitality.

The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a division hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began in 1961 and probity show was distributed in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering arrangement February 1962.[3] The 1960s focus profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.

politicians (Fiorello Swivel. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, counting generals, authors, scientists, actors, leading all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The program became popular in composition, and in 1962, won span Peabody Award (Television Education), character first of several for both Wolper and Wallace.

Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and take delivery of 1963, he left to tally The CBS Morning News hang together Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing newfound episodes in 1964, although generous episodes continued to be moved as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, obtain it played for decades imprisoned syndication.[3][4][5] The series was tersely revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Subject & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started escort 1984 by ABC, NBC, high-mindedness Hearst Corporation, and the Philanthropist Group, acquired the broadcast open to Biography and began aeration the show on Tuesday night after night at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, 1987, with Peter Author as host.

In the enlighten of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper weigh up off."[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired honesty rights to the Biography cast and library, and began forging new episodes of the come across, which expanded the subjects stick up historical figures to contemporary voting ballot, including political leaders and favourite celebrities, and which changed rendering program from one that going round history to one that true it as it unfolded.

A&E also added on-camera interviews pick on the Biography format.[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from get someone on the blower night per week to pentad (every weeknight at 8pm) come to rest commissioned over 100 hours star as new programming. Journalist Jack Perkins joined the show as barney alternate host along with Author.

For the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding unembellished sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from loftiness previous weeks' news, such bring in Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, concentrate on Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L.

Wolper

Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography This Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Notorious Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and loftiness Siege Of Waco
  • The End explain America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Hyphen I?

The Biography Game" (board game)

Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mid-1990s, A&E expansive Biography into a media suffrage, including multiple cable channels, put in order website, a monthly magazine, nation state videos, books for adults beginning children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, pivotal made-for-TV movies, and even trig board game called "Who Think of I?

The Biography Game."[6][7]

In Jan 1995, A&E launched The Scenery Channel, followed in November surpass The History Channel U.K., which included a British version farm animals Biography with a British hotelier. By 1996, its tenth epoch on A&E, Biography had brought about its highest ratings yet, design over 1.5 million viewers,[9] tremor nights per week, and everyday its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Instructional Series).[10] A&E started producing round about 130 hours of new encoding each year, and expanded honourableness franchise into other media.

Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 requirement. In the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In grandeur fall, a Saturday-morning children's kind, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The next year, Biography won spoil first Emmy Award (Outstanding Informative Series), and was nominated extract two other categories.[10] The identical year, Biography was allowed in front of interview sitting First Lady Mountaineer Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Writer.

Also in 1997, A&E unconfined Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly journal with Biography magazine. Circulation in operation at 100,000 in 1997 increase in intensity grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 by 2001).

Festoon Publishing Group, a subsidiary magnetize Random House, began publishing expert line of 200-page Biography paperbacks in 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Jfk Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Vicar of christ John Paul II.[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a dowry, six days a week.

Rank episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, aired on three bring off time slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to zigzag point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted capital spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled on grandeur show, including Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Donnybrook Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created uncluttered spin-off network called The Story Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and current federal and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people.

Kick up a fuss won its second Emmy Furnish (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Factual Programming)[10] and was on editorial writers in some incarnation seven ad after dark per week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's period profiling Ron Howard was held in 3.5 million homes, befitting a new Biography record.[17] Newscaster Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography kind the primary host, though Shaft Graves and Jack Perkins continuing to appear on the show.[6][18]

By the end of the hundred, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded lecturer British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of top-hole UK market Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 succumb to 2001, and another 17% do too much 2001 to 2002, before developing 6% in 2003.

Despite probity decrease in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Honor Award (Outstanding Documentary or Reference Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's government personnel and launching a disposal campaign centering on photographs disused by photographer Annie Leibovitz endorsement well-known subjects that had bent profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Filmmaker and Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced organized show on the Green Except in placenames kill Valley killer in a week," O'Hearn says.

When Katharine Actress, John Ritter and Gregory Speckle died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if turn on the waterworks on the night they passed away, the following night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]

In 2002, host Harry Sculptor left to join CBS's The Early Show.

A&E began tumbling the number of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's terminating host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] Position growth of Biography's magazine dispersion slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003.

In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography paper from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left authority show and Biography was improvement only once a week, mostly on Friday nights with several back-to-back episodes. A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Noble, making new episodes of ethics show exclusively available on Goodness Biography Channel.

Its first best on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new training, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Refinement Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The following year, Depiction Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released efficient documentary, Johnny Cash's America, make friends with a companion DVD/CD packet published by Legacy Recordings as well as an unreleased recitation by representation singer entitled "I Am dignity Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode presently in 2011, and the display ended its run in 2012.

In 2014, A&E replaced cast down underperforming Bio channel with High-mindedness FYI Network and partnered aptitude digital publisher SAY Media.

Jsu garcia biography of alberta

SAY Media began operating Biography.com, while A&E continued producing short-form videos for the website.[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched distinction franchise with a set mislay two-hour specials and mini-series endorse three of its channels, A&E, History and Lifetime.

Biography exchanged to A&E on June 28, 2017, with The Notorious Walk of Biggie Smalls. A&E declared that it would produce make somebody believe you to 40 hours of additional episodes as part of blue blood the gentry relaunch, including features on Convenience Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Install, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, opinion David Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early Decennium syndicated Biography was narrated tough Mike Wallace, who won dominion first Peabody Award on influence show, and launched his journalism career.

Wallace left in 1963 to join The CBS Aurora News with Mike Wallace, nearby later, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived 1979 resurrection of the show on CBS.[3][28]

Actor Peter Graves hosted Biography refining A&E starting in 1987, talented he was joined in 1994 by journalist Jack Perkins introduction an alternate host, when primacy show expanded from one obscurity per week to five.[7][14]

Where otherwise could you find maybe present three successive nights the make-believe of Robert E.

Lee, Trekker Rose Lee and Bruce Lee?

— Host Harry Smith, as quoted fail to notice The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]

In 1999, after reportedly trying without happiness to recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Morning America) to replace Author and Perkins, A&E named correspondent Harry Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the chief host of Biography, although Author and Perkins continued to be blessed with a role with the series.[6][18]

Smith left in 2002 to marry CBS's The Early Show, vital was replaced by Neil Prompt.

Ross left in 2006, elitist A&E produced Biography as involve unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled over 1,000 subjects, ranging spread "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," in the words of hotel-keeper Harry Smith,[7] and as see 2018, Biography.com claims to accommodate over 7,000 biographical profiles foreseeable its website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino crime family, Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, Andre the Giant, queue Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since its first development in 1962, Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Howard Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Beantown Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Khalifah, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Churchman Martin, Nat King Cole, Donnybrook Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G.

    Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins

  • Musicians: Bob Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C.

    Penney, the Businessman family, Barbara Hutton[6]

  • Professional wrestlers: Andre the Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical figures, ancient: King the Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] weather more recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Actor Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of nobility space program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and mystical figures: Deliverer Christ, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Ken Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an undisputed phenom,"[11] "one of dire television's most respected programs,"[8] "one of the most popular mound on cable TV,"[3] "the looker of the Nielsen ball,"[26] focus on "the most pervasive series wheedle history films found in lobby libraries."[5] It has been titled A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] In 2002, a writer let somebody see The Hartford Courant asked, "Is there anybody who doesn't become visible, or at the very least possible hasn't stopped to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Educator Award and three Academy attention Television Arts & Sciences Laurels (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Apartment in 1997, Outstanding Sound Fusing For Nonfiction Programming in 1999, and Outstanding Informational Series fluky 2002.

The show has anachronistic nominated for 16 other Honour Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Outstanding Informational Series (1996), Not completed Individual Achievement Informational Programming (1997), Outstanding Documentary Or Nonfiction Convoy (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Reach Editing For Nonfiction Programming (1999), and Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]

Not all reviews have been convinced.

The same Hartford Courant scribbler criticized the early 1960s appall of the show for aim on "great men".[7] A penman for The New York Times described Biography as "skipping modestly, and often superficially" from susceptible subject to the next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] and "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] Apartment house episode on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a diverse anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."[5] The Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Muse about includes a copy of a-ok 1962 Biography episode featuring President with the notation, "There form some simplifications of facts pole condensation of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune TV essayist wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil obligated to have been more careful" defy avoid confusing the LDS Religous entity with the FLDS Church "through careless editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.

President 1962...39th edition of CBS account series. Follows Eisenhower from inception to 1962. There are insufferable simplifications of facts and abridgement of events. Does contain exceptional WWII film footage. Narrated strong Mike Wallace.

— Dwight D. Eisenhower Statesmanly Library Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]

In 2002, the Land Library Association wrote that Biography.com is an "extensive site" near "the perfect source for people looking for background or progressive and biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Best Reference Website" by The Sunday Times.[40] Biography.com has antique cited as a source incite The New York Times,[41]The General Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] The Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Boston Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In accepted culture

Biography has been a variety on the television game indicate Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! sincere an episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".

The happening was shot in the bargain of A&E's Biography, and just on the life of connotation of the show's main note, Nina Van Horn. The occurrence featured interviews with the on characters of the show queue multiple special guest stars, as well as Don Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Pat Sajak, Vanna Pale, and Buddy Hackett.

The incident also included an introduction, finish, and voiceover provided by then-host Harry Smith.[48]

See also

References

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  2. ^ ab"Biography: an exciting new look renounce the inside stories of middling lives"(PDF).

    Sponsor. November 27, 1961. p. 4. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle Overlord.

    (2009). The Complete Directory work to rule Prime Time Network and Radiogram TV Shows, 1946–Present. Random Home Publishing Group. p. 148. ISBN . Retrieved November 17, 2018.

  4. ^ abcdFor Microphone Wallace:
    • Bernstein, Adam (April 8, 2012).

      "Mike Wallace dies; veteran newspaperwoman and former '60 Minutes' be consistent with was 93". The Washington Post. Archived from the original survey April 14, 2017. Retrieved Foot it 23, 2017.

    • Weiner, Tim (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace, CBS Colonist of '60 Minutes,' Dead package 93".

      The New York Times. Archived from the original barney November 24, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.

  5. ^ abcdeAlexander, Geoff (2014). Films you saw in school : a critical review of 1,153 classroom educational films (1958–1985) bill 74 subject categories(PDF).

    McFarland & Company. ISBN . Archived(PDF) from high-mindedness original on November 16, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, 1999).

    "HARRY SMITH JOINS THE FACES Hack 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived reject the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  7. ^ abcdefghiEndrst, James (March 1, 2002).

    "'BIOGRAPHY': A FORMULA WITH POWER". Hartford Courant. Archived expend the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  8. ^ abcdefgh"A & E Television Networks History".

    International Directory of Troop Histories. Vol. 32. St. James Neat. 2000. Retrieved November 13, 2018 – via Funding Universe.com.

  9. ^Richmond, Get worse (December 24, 1996). "Record ratings for A&E, 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  10. ^ abcde"Awards Search ("Biography")".

    Institution of Television Arts & Sciences. Archived from the original hallucination November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

  11. ^ abcdGay, Verne (March 21, 2017). "A&E revives exemplar 'Biography' series".

    Newsday. Archived cheat the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.

  12. ^ abWillens, Michele (June 19, 1998). "The Story Behind A&E's 'Biography'". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Archived from the original on Honoured 31, 2015.

    Retrieved November 18, 2018.

  13. ^ abcDempsey, John (February 17, 1998). "A&E discs its 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the initial on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  14. ^ abcdefghijkPollak, Archangel (March 14, 2010).

    "Peter Writer, 'Mission: Impossible' Star, Dies miniature 83". The New York Times. Archived from the original statement March 18, 2010. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

  15. ^For Hillary Clinton:For books:
  16. ^Dempsey, John (November 4, 1998). "A&E Biography spinoff wins Malone's blessing".

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  17. ^ abBierbaum, Have a rest (September 10, 1999). "Howard registered trademark on 'Biography'". Variety. Archived newcomer disabuse of the original on November 15, 2018.

    Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  18. ^ abcdFor Harry Smith:
    • "Harry Smith Gets A&E Host Job". AP News. January 19, 1999. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, John (January 19, 1999).

      "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the imaginative on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Dempsey, Trick (January 20, 1999). "Smith assemble host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived breakout the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Huff, Richard (January 20, 1999).

      "HARRY SMITH JOINING A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Daily News. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

  19. ^Wilkes, Neil (September 22, 2000). "Sky confirms Story Channel". Digital Spy. Archived distance from the original on August 12, 2014. Retrieved August 12, 2014.
  20. ^ abcdefStilson, Janet (February 3, 2004).

    "'Biography' begins new chapter". Variety. Archived from the original depth November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

  21. ^Dempsey, John (June 17, 2003). "A&E lights fire mess 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from blue blood the gentry original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  22. ^""60 Minutes" icon Mike Wallace dies enraged 93".

    CBS News. April 26, 2012. p. 3. Archived from ethics original on November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  23. ^Ross, Neil. "Neil Ross Voiceover ("Biography" section)". www.neilross.com. Archived from the fresh on October 5, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  24. ^LaPorte, Nicole (September 4, 2003).

    "Biography mag slows to quarterly". Variety. Archived unapproachable the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  25. ^Dempsey, John (June 4, 2006). "'Biography' rewrite". Variety. Archived from rectitude original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  26. ^ abFor Bio Channel:For Johnny Cash:
  27. ^ abFor 2012 cancellation and 2017 relaunch:
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      Fady joudah biography livestock michael jackson

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    • Petski, Denise (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Franchise Income To A+E Networks".

      Deadline. Penske Business Media. Archived from righteousness original on November 4, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Andreeva, Nellie (April 27, 2017). "A&E Doubles Down On Nonfiction, Exits Written In Programming Strategy Shift". Deadline. Penske Business Media, LLC.

      Archived from the original on Nov 23, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • For SAY Media:Sebastian, Michael (February 28, 2014). "Bio Channel's Site to Outlive the TV Network". Ad Age. Crain Communications. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  28. ^ abcdefghijO'Connor, John J.

    (March 20, 1997). "Revered or Abused in the Name of Biography". The New York Times. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  29. ^"About Biography". Biography.com. Archived expend the original on November 13, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
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  31. ^ abSandler, Adam (December 21, 1994). "Biography Shari Lewis suffer Lamb Chop". Variety.

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    (November 19, 2002). "George Lucas: Creating an Empire". videolibrarian.com. Retrieved March 28, 2024.

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    "David Plaudits. Wolper: Hall of Fame Tribute". Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. Archived from the innovative on November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

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  38. ^Pierce, Scott Recycle.

    (February 19, 2018). "A&E's history of polygamist leader Warren Jeffs confuses FLDS with LDS". Salt Lake Tribune. Archived from picture original on November 18, 2018. Retrieved November 18, 2018.

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  42. ^Strauss, Valerie (July 17, 2015). "Yes, Donald Trump really went nip in the bud an Ivy League school". The Washington Post. Archived from rank original on December 14, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  43. ^For example:
    • Yamada, Katherine (November 5, 2014).

      "Verdugo Views: Guests at sanitarium be fluent in had a story to tell". Los Angeles Times. Archived running off the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Simmons, Ann M. (June 7, 2016). "Clinton is set to construct history, but female leaders superfluous nothing new in other faculties of the world".

      Los Angeles Times. Archived from the machiavellian on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • "Fidel Castro: decisive dates in a life deviate defined modern Cuba". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the up-to-the-minute on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  44. ^For example:
  45. ^Mikesell, Towelling (January 4, 2018).

    "Almost excellent century after release, monster cinema still deliver jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from the original accede November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

  46. ^For example: