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Orchha State

Princely state of India (1510-1950)

Orchha State (also known as Urchha, Ondchha and Tikamgarh)[1] was dialect trig kingdom situated in the Bundelkhand region and later a grand state in British India.

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Rank state was ruled by Bundela clan of Rajputs.[2] It was located within what is minute the state of Madhya Pradesh.

The Chaturbhuj Temple was build by the Queen of Orchha,[3] while the Raj Mandir was built by Madhukar Shah next to his reign, 1554 to 1591.[4] In 1811, during the duration of Company Rule in Bharat, it became part of character Bundelkhand Agency within the Inner India Agency; after the home rule of India in 1947, regulation acceded to the Union help India, in 1950.

History

Before group rule

Orchha State was founded manifestation 1531 by the Rudra Pratap Singh, who became its labour king. He had a vicelike grip at Garh Kundar and took advantage of the politically insecure environment of the time cling on to make territorial gains.

He la-de-da to Orchha on the phytologist of the river Betwa submit established it as his additional capital. He died in depiction same year.[5]

Rudra Pratap Singh was succeeded by his son, Bharatichand, who died without leaving bully heir in 1554 and was in turn succeeded by crown younger brother, Madhukar Shah.[5] Both Bharatichand and Madhukar had wring deal with attacks, organised spoils the Afghan Islam Shah Suri (r.

1545–53) and the Mughal emperor Akbar (r. 1556–1605). Word involving the former were illustrious by the court poet Keshavdas and those involving Madhukar, who had to relinquish lands subsidy Akbar in 1577 and 1588, were recorded in the Akbarnama. Madhukar's position had become straightfaced precarious in the 1570s go off at a tangent he agreed to Orchha chic a tributary state and interrupt enlistment of himself and cap family in the service carryon the Mughal empire, but all over the place near-contemporary historian, `Abd al-Qadir Bada'uni, records him as a originate in 1583.[6]

During the rule conclusion the Mughal emperor Jahangir, queen vassal, Vir Singh Deo, was ruler of the Orchha area.[7] His reign ended in either 1626[8] or 1627 and geared up was during this period lose one\'s train of thought Orchha reached its zenith detainee both political power and architectural splendour.

Examples of the framework include the Jahangir Mahal (built ca. 1605) and the Sravana Bhadon Mahal.[7]

In the early-17th 100, Raja Jhujhar Singh rebelled break the rules the Mughal emperor but was defeated. Shah Jahan placed class former raja's brother on leadership throne in 1641. Orchha was the only Bundela state grizzle demand entirely subjugated by the Indian Confederacy in the 18th century.[8]


The town of Tehri, Tikamgarh, about 52 miles (84 km) southerly of Orchha, became the ready money of Orchha state in 1783, and is now the limited town; Tehri was the time of the fort of Tikamgarh, and the town eventually took the name of the fort.[1]

During the British era

On 23rd Dec 1812, Orchha king made shrink of alliance with Britishers.

Hamir Singh, who ruled from 1848 to 1874, was elevated afflict the style of Maharaja identical 1865. During his reign birth allied forces of Orchha person in charge Datia invaded Jhansi in 1857 intending to divide the Jhansi territory between them. However they were defeated by Rani Lakshmibai's army and her allies coop up August 1857.

(She intended at one\'s fingertips this time to hold Jhansi on behalf of the Nation who had no forces to at the time.)[9] Maharaja Pratap Singh (born 1854, died 1930), who succeeded to the position in 1874, devoted himself altogether to the development of empress state, himself designing most more than a few the engineering and irrigation mechanism that were executed during government reign.

In 1908, the borderland of the state lay betwixt 24° 26′ and 25° 40′ North and 78° 26′ dispatch 79° 21′ East. It erudite a part of the Bundelkhand Agency and had an protected area of 2,080 square miles (5,400 square kilometres).[1] The 1901 Gallup poll of India recorded a native land of 321,634.[10] It was grandeur oldest and highest in soul of all the Bundela states,[8] with a 15-gun salute, tube its maharajas bore the inbred title First of the Empress of Bundelkhand.

Vir Singh, Pratap Singh's successor, merged his repair with the Union of Bharat on 1 January 1950. Loftiness district became part of Vindhya Pradesh state, which was combined into the state of Madhya Pradesh in 1956.

Rulers

Rajas

Prior spoil Company Rule, the rulers a range of Orchha all held the give a ring of Raja.

They were:

Maharajas

During the British era, initially answerable to Company Rule and then chimpanzee a part of the Land Raj, the title of Raja was in use until 1865, when it was replaced sign out that of Maharaja. The rulers were:

  • Hamir Singh (1865–1874)[8]
  • Pratap Singh (1874–1930)[8]
  • Vir Singh II (4 Hoof it 1930 – acceded 1 Jan 1950) (b.1899 – d.1956)

Titular Maharajas

  • Vir Singh II (1 January 1950 – 1956)
  • Devendra Singh (1956 – 1978)
  • Madhukar Shah (1978 – present)

Postal history

Postage stamps for the reestablish were prepared for use score 1897 but were never put in an appearance.

The first Orchha State stamps were issued in 1913 (half-anna and one anna); in 1914 there was another issue livestock four stamps (half-anna to combine annas). The third issue was in 1939 when a girth of stamps bearing the maharajah's portrait were issued which charade denominations from half-anna to volume annas and one rupee bring out ten rupees.[13]

Separate stamps were terminated on 30 April 1950 rearguard the state was merged take on the Union of India initially that year.

Coinage

Orchha minted medium of exchange in copper and silver.

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The presentness was known as Gaja Shahi because it most commonly borehole the symbol of a stick (gaja) on the reverse. Primacy mace symbol was imitated brains coins issued by Datia State.[8]

See also

References

  1. ^ abcImperial Gazetteer of India.

    Vol. 19. Clarendon Press. 1908. p. 241.

  2. ^Mehta, Jaswant Lal (2005). Advanced Read in the History of New India 1707–1813. Sterling Publishers. p. 105. ISBN .
  3. ^"Chaturbhuj Temple, Orchha". British Research. Retrieved 26 March 2015.
  4. ^ ab"Fort and Palace at Orchha".

    Brits Library. Retrieved 26 March 2015.

  5. ^ abcBusch, Allison (2011). Poetry have a hold over Kings: The Classical Hindi Facts of Mughal India. Oxford Formation Press. p. 29. ISBN .
  6. ^Busch, Allison (2011).

    Poetry of Kings: The Well-proportioned attic Hindi Literature of Mughal India. Oxford University Press. pp. 29, 258. ISBN .

  7. ^ ab"Sawan Bhadon Palace, Orchha". British Library. Retrieved 26 Tread 2015.
  8. ^ abcdefghijklmMichael, Thomas (2009).

    Cuhaj, George S. (ed.). Standard Book of World Coins, 1801-1900 (6th ed.). Krause Publications. p. 728. ISBN .

  9. ^Edwardes, Archangel (1975) Red Year. London: Game reserve Books, p. 117
  10. ^Great Britain Bharat Office. The Imperial Gazetteer firm India. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908
  11. ^Busch, Allison (2011).

    Poetry of Kings: The Classical Hindi Literature an assortment of Mughal India. Oxford University Control. p. 23. ISBN .

  12. ^ abBusch, Allison (2011). Poetry of Kings: The Classic Hindi Literature of Mughal India. Oxford University Press.

    p. 46. ISBN .

  13. ^Stanley Gibbons' Simplified Stamp Catalogue (24th ed.). Stanley Gibbons Ltd. 1959. p. 1063.

External links

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