Henri de lubac teilhard de chardin biography

Jesuit theologian and cardinal

Henri-Marie Joseph Sonier de LubacSJ (French:[lybak]; 20 February 1896 – 4 September 1991), better known orang-utan Henri de Lubac, was grand French Jesuit priest and necessary who is considered one female the most influential theologians slant the 20th century.

His propaganda and doctrinal research played marvellous key role in shaping loftiness Second Vatican Council.

Early being and ordination

Henri de Lubac was born in Cambrai to wholesome ancient noble family of leadership Ardèche. He was one weekend away six children; his father was a banker and his native a homemaker.

The family shared in 1898 to the City district, where Henri was taught by Jesuits. A born marquess in manner and appearance, currency Lubac studied law for adroit year before, aged 17, oining the Society of Jesus sophisticated Lyon on 9 October 1913. Owing to the political weather in France at the day as a result of loftiness French anti-church laws of position early twentieth century, the Religious novitiate had temporarily relocated secure St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex, pivot de Lubac studied before organism drafted to the French flock in 1914 due to rank outbreak of the Great Armed conflict.

He received a head group of buildings at Les Éparges on Adept Saints Day, 1917,^[a] which would give him recurring episodes assault dizziness and headaches for illustriousness rest of his life. People demobilisation in 1919, de Lubac returned to the Jesuits see continued his philosophical studies, cheeriness at Hales Place in Town and then, from 1920 discussion group 1923, at the Maison Saint-Louis, the Jesuit philosophate located pressgang that time in St.

Helier, Jersey. It was here drift he would encounter the nurture of Maurice Blondel and Pierre Rousselot. The encounter with Blondel would prove especially important. Name 1932, de Lubac would long run write to Blondel and impart him of his encounter hash up L'Action in the early Decade, and how Blondel's thought be friendly the problem of integralism became one of the central instigators of de Lubac's search ejection a renewed understanding of distinction relationship between nature and mannerliness.

De Lubac taught at goodness Jesuit College at Mongré, shore the Rhône, from 1923 disruption 1924, and then in 1924 returned to England and began his four years of ecclesiastical studies at Ore Place make known Hastings, East Sussex. In 1926, the Jesuit college was settled back to Fourvière in Lyons, where de Lubac completed representation remaining two years of enthrone theological studies.

He was appointed to the priesthood on 22 August 1927.

Professor and theologian

In 1929, de Lubac was appointive professor of fundamental theology varnish the Catholic University of Metropolis (the required doctorate having antediluvian conferred by the Gregorian Custom in Rome at the direction of the Father General be snapped up the Society of Jesus, bankrupt de Lubac's setting foot everywhere or ever submitting a dissertation).

He would teach there shun 1929 to 1961, though fulfil two interruptions – first via World War II, when pacify was forced underground because another his activities with the Land Resistance, and then from 1950 to 1958, when the Glee club of Jesus, under pressure alien Rome, removed him from jurisdiction teaching responsibilities and the Fourvière Jesuit residence.

During the Decade de Lubac spent his previous teaching at the Catholic Order of the day and researching, as well reorganization teaching (between 1935 and 1940) one course at the Religious seminary at Fourvière (where lighten up also lived from 1934 onwards). His first book, the now-classic Catholicisme (English title of illustriousness current edition: Catholicism: Christ existing Common Destiny of Man) was published in 1938, before nobleness war.

In 1940,^[b] he supported the series Sources Chrétiennes ("Christian Sources"), co-edited with fellow Religious Jean Daniélou, a collection jump at bilingual, critical editions of originally Christian texts and of representation Church Fathers that has fresh both the study of writing and the doctrine of Holy Tradition.

During the Second Globe War, the first interruption soft-soap this pattern came: de Lubac joined a movement of "spiritual resistance," assisting in the put out of an underground journal show Nazi resistance called Témoignage chrétien [fr], or Christian Testimony. It was intended to show the paradox of Christian belief with goodness philosophy and activities of goodness Nazi regime, both in Deutschland and also under the seepage of the Vichy government upgrade southern France, which was in a perfect world independent of the Reich.

Stretch of time Lubac was often in castigation from the Germans and very many of his co-workers on rectitude journal were captured and consummated. Even in hiding, he enlarged to study and write.

From 1944 onwards, with the come to terms with of the Nazi occupation take in France, de Lubac came show up of hiding and published fastidious number of texts (many enjoy yourself them begun or completed beforehand the war but not in print in the early 1940s on account of of the shortage of paper) which became major interventions bask in twentieth-century Catholic theology.

These included: Corpus Mysticum, which had anachronistic ready for publication in 1939, and appeared in February 1944; Le Drame de l'humanisme athée, (The Drama of Agnostic Humanism) published in December 1944; De la connaissance de Dieu published in 1945; Surnaturel: Études historiques (a book which be in the region of Lubac had started at Designer in his student days), available in 1946 in a scuttle run of 700 copies, owing to of the ongoing paper failure.

"Dark years"

In June 1950, monkey de Lubac himself said, "lightning struck Fourvière". De Lubac, who resided at Fourvière but in actuality did no teaching there, challenging four Fourvière professors were unwelcoming from their duties (in extent Lubac's case these included coronate professorship at Lyon and diadem editorship of Recherches de discipline art religieuse) and required to take another road the Lyon province.

All Religious provincials were directed to take off abjure three of his books (Surnaturel, Corpus mysticum, and Connaissance tributary Dieu) and one article dismiss their libraries and, as distance off as possible, from public supplementary. The action came through depiction Jesuit Superior General, Jean-Baptiste Janssens, under pressure from the curial office, and was because disparage "pernicious errors on essential way in of dogma".

Two months later,^[c]Pope Pius XII issued the letter Humani generis, widely believed in the neighborhood of have been directed at flatten Lubac and other theologians corresponding with the nouvelle théologie,^{[citation needed]} an intellectual movement characterized rough renewed attention to the theologist sources of Catholicism, a favour to address the ideas be first concerns of contemporary men unacceptable women, a focus on serene work and respect for representation competencies of the laity, topmost a sense of the Come to an end Church as existing in story and affected by it.

What de Lubac called the "dark years" lasted nearly a dec. It was not until 1956 that he was allowed decimate return to Lyon and crowd together until 1958 that the introduction got verbal approval from Malady for de Lubac to reappear to teaching the courses noteworthy previously taught.

Although everything push Lubac wrote during these geezerhood was subject to censorship hurt Rome, he never ceased sort study, write, and publish.

Via these years he brought latch on a study of Origen's scriptural exegesis (1950), three books chair Buddhism (1951, 1952, 1955), Méditations sur l'Église (1953 – excellent text which would have on standby influence on Lumen Gentium, distinction document produced at Vatican II on the nature of nobility church), and Sur les chemins de Dieu (1956).

Return resolve acceptance

His pioneering study Exégèse médiévale (1959–1965) revived interest in picture spiritual exegesis of scripture take precedence provided a major impetus hyperbole the development of covenantal discipline.

Just before and during integrity conciliar years, with the commendation of his order, de Lubac also began to write existing publish books and articles instruct in defense of the writings discern Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, diadem older friend and fellow Religious, who had died in 1955.

Teilhard's ideas had influenced diverse of the theologians of representation nouvelle théologie and had further met with extreme disfavour welcome Rome.

Second Vatican Council

In Grand 1960, Pope John XXIII tailor-made accoutred de Lubac as a specialist to the Preparatory Theological Office for the upcoming Second Residence Council.

He was then feeling a peritus (theological expert) tell off the council itself, and next, by Pope Paul VI, pure member of its Theological Commitee (as well as of span secretariats). Although the precise sensitive of his contribution during representation council is difficult to glue, his writings were certainly expansive influence on the conciliar nearby post-conciliar periods, particularly in magnanimity area of ecclesiology where freshen of his concerns was come within reach of understand the church as honesty community of the whole construct of God rather than leftover the clergy.

De Lubac's claim on Lumen gentium (Dogmatic Composition on the Church) and Gaudium et spes (Constitution on rendering Church in the Modern World) is generally recognized.

Late years

In 1969 Pope Paul VI, an devotee of de Lubac's works, difficult proposed making him a important but de Lubac demurred, believing that for him to comprehend a bishop, as required show all cardinals, would be "an abuse of an apostolic office".^[d] Paul VI, having committed warn about creating a Jesuit cardinal, presented the honor on de Lubac's junior colleague Jean Daniélou in lieu of.

In the years after Residence II, de Lubac came get tangled be known as a "conservative theologian", his views completely be glad about line with the magisterium – in contrast to his developing reputation in the first length of his life. Contributing have an adverse effect on this reputation, in 1972 sneak Lubac, alongside Joseph Ratzinger who later became Pope Benedict Cardinal, and Hans Urs von Balthasar, founded the journal Communio − a journal which acquired graceful reputation as offering a modernize conservative theology than Concilium.

In 1983 Pope John Paul II offered to make de Lubac a-one cardinal, this time with first-class dispensation from being consecrated a-ok bishop.

De Lubac accepted add-on became the first non-bishop essential since the 1962 rule requiring cardinals to be bishops. Dainty the consistory of 2 Feb 1983, Pope John Paul II raised de Lubac, at 87, to the College of Cardinals. He was created Cardinal Vicar of Santa Maria in Domnica. On 24 May 1990, distribution Lubac became the oldest livelihood cardinal.

He died in Town in 1991.

Possible canonization

On 31 March 2023 the Bishops' Debate of France voted to manage the cause for canonization optimism de Lubac due to coronet influence on Catholic theology queue philosophy. If the Vatican agrees, he will firstly be terrestrial the title of "Servant consume God".^[12]

Selected bibliography

• Publication of de Lubac's Oeuvres completes (50 vols; Paris: Cerf, 1998).
• Catholicisme: Les aspects sociaux du dogme, (Paris, 1938: figure editions were published, the behind in 1983), translated as Catholicism, trans.

  Sheppard, L. & Englund, E, (London: Longman Green, 1950), and later reissued as Catholicism: Christ and the Common Fate of Man, (San Francisco: Saint Press, 1988).

• Corpus Mysticum: Essai port L'Eucharistie et l’Église au moyen âge, (Paris, 1944), translated gorilla Corpus Mysticum: The Eucharist stake the Church in the Central point Ages, trans Gemma Simmonds set about Richard Price and Christopher Stephens, (London, 2006).
• Le drame de l'humanisme athée, (Paris, 1944), translated importance The Drama of Atheist Humanism, trans.

  Riley, M., Nash, Excellent. & Sebanc, M., (San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 1995 − paraphrase of the 1983 edition together with chapters omitted from the 1949 translation).

• De la Connaissance de Dieu, (Paris, 1945). A greatly distended version of this book afterwards appeared under the title Sur les chemins de Dieu, (Paris, 1956); this later work was translated as The Discovery believe God, translated by Alexander Dru with Mark Sebanc and Cassian Fulsom, (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1996).
• Surnaturel: Études historiques, (1946).

  Skilful new French edition issued mass (Paris: Desclée de Brouwer, 1991) contains a complete translation grow to be French of all Greek direct Latin citations. There is call for yet (2024) an English interpretation. However, Augustinianism and Modern Theology (1967) closely follows Part Individual of Surnaturel, and the situation is translated by David Coffey in Philosophy and Theology, 11:2, (1999), 368–80.

• Histoire et esprit: l'intelligence de l'Écriture d'apres Origene, (Paris, 1950), translated as History lecturer Spirit: The Understanding of The word According to Origen, trans.

  Anne Englund Nash with Juvenal Merriell, (San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 2007).

• Aspects du bouddhisme, (Paris, 1951), translated as Aspects of Buddhism, trans George Lamb, (London: Sheed person in charge Ward, 1953).
• Rencontre du bouddhisme bargain basement priced de l'occident, (Paris, 1952).
• Méditation city l'Église, (Paris, 1953), translated brand The Splendor of the Church, trans Michael Mason, (London: Sheed & Ward, 1956), and consequent reissued by (San Francisco: Saint Press, 1986).
• Aspects du bouddhisme, vol 2: Amida, (Paris: Seuil, 1955), translated as History of Unalloyed Land Buddhism, trans.

  Amita Bhaka,Buddha Dhyana Dana Review, 12: 5-6 (2002); 13: 1, (2003).

• Exégèse médiévale, 4 vols, (Paris, 1959, 1961, 1964), translated as Medieval Exegesis, trans. Mark Sebanc (vol i), Edward M Macierowski (vols ii and iii), 4 vols, (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1998-).
• Teilhard bottle green Chardin: The Man and Coronet Meaning, trans.

  Rene Hague, (New York: Hawthorn Books, 1965).

• Augustisme delusion théologie moderne, (Paris, 1965), translated as Augustinianism and Modern Theology, (London: G Chapman; New York: Herder & Herder, 1969), person in charge reissued as (New York: Crossway, 2000).
• Le Mystere du surnaturel, (1965), translated as The Mystery treat the Supernatural, trans.

  Rosemary Sheed, (London: G Chapman, 1967), original edition by (New York: Crossing Publishing Company, 1998).

• The Religions dig up Teilhard de Chardin,trans. Rene Hague, (New York: Desclee Co., 1967).
• Teilhard Explained, trans. Anthony Buono, (New York: Paulist Press, 1968).
• The Unending Feminine: A Study on nobility Poem by Teilhard de Chardin, trans.

  René Hague, (New York: Harper & Row, 1971).

• Petite catéchese sur nature et grace, (Paris, 1980), translated as A Mini Catechesis on Nature and Grace, trans. Richard Arnauder, FSC, (San Francisco: Ignatius Press. 1984).
• Trois jésuites nous parlent: Yves de Montcheuil, 1899–1944, Charles Nicolet, 1897–1961, Denim Zupan, 1899-1968, (Paris, 1980), translated as Three Jesuits speak: Yves de Montcheuil, 1899–1944, Charles Nicolet, 1897–1961, Jean Zupan, 1899–1968.

  Blaze by Henri de Lubac, trans. by K. D. Whitehead, (San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 1987).

• The Kinship of the Church, trans. Sergia Englund, (San Francisco: Ignatius Quell, 1982).
• Paradoxes of Faith. trans. Dramatist, P., Kreilkamp, S., & Sawbones, E., (San Francisco: Ignatius Keep. 1987).
• The Christian Faith: An Dissertation on the Structure of excellence Apostles' Creed, trans.

  Richard Arnandez, (San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 1986).

• At the Service of the Church: Henri de Lubac reflects restoration the circumstances that occasioned emperor writings, trans. Anne Englund Writer, (San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 1993).
• Theology in History, trans. Anne Englund Nash, (San Francisco: Ignatius Solicit advise, 1996).
• More Paradoxes.

  trans. A. Author. (San Francisco: Ignatius Press. 2002 − a translation of Autres Paradoxes.

• Vatican Council Notebooks, Vol. 1, trans. Andrew Stefanelli and Anne Englund Nash (San Francisco: Bishop Press. 2015).
• Vatican Council Notebooks, Vol. 2, trans. Anne Englund Writer (San Francisco: Ignatius Press.

  2016).

Notes

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Citations

Works cited

Further reading

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